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Hair care is an overall term for hygiene and cosmetology involving the hair which grows from the human scalp, and to a lesser extent facial, pubic and other body hair. Hair care routines differ according to an individual's culture and the physical characteristics of one's hair. Hair may be colored, trimmed, shaved, plucked or otherwise removed with treatments such as waxing, sugaring and threading. Hair care services are offered in salons, barbershops and day spas, and products are available commercially for home use. Laser hair removal and electrolysis are also available, though these are provided (in the US) by licensed professionals in medical offices or speciality spas.

This section does not cite any sources . Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. ( August 2012 ) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Biological processes and hygiene Care of the hair and care of the scalp skin may appear separate, but are actually intertwined because hair grows from beneath the skin. The living parts of hair (hair follicle, hair root, root sheath and sebaceous gland) are beneath the skin, while the actual hair shaft which emerges (the cuticle which covers the cortex and medulla) has no living processes. Damage or changes made to the visible hair shaft cannot be repaired by a biological process, though much can be done to manage hair and ensure that the cuticle remains intact. Scalp skin, just like any other skin on the body, must be kept healthy to ensure a healthy body and healthy hair production. If the scalp is cleaned regularly by those who have rough hair or hav

Hairstyling equipment Hairstyling equipment which helps in creating hairstyles include: Hair dryer Hair clip Comb Hair iron Hair roller Hair clipper Hairbrush Hairpin Headband Kanzashi Ribbon Hair tie Scissors Shower cap Hair products Cosmetics products used in creating and maintaining hairstyles include: Hair coloring Hair conditioner Hair gel Hair glue Hair mousse Hair serum Hair spray Hair tonic Hair wax Pomade Hair lengths Bald – having no hair at all on the head Shaved – hair that is completely shaved down to the scalp Buzz – hair that is extremely short and hardly there Cropped – hair that is a little longer than a buzz Short back and sides – hair that is longer than a crop, but not yet hits the ears Ear-length – hair reaching one's ears Chin-level – hair grows down to the chin Flip-level – hair reaching the neck or shoulders Shoulder-length – hair reaching the shoulders Armpit-length – hair reaching the armpit Midback-level – hai

Bald – having no hair at all on the head Shaved – hair that is completely shaved down to the scalp Buzz – hair that is extremely short and hardly there Cropped – hair that is a little longer than a buzz Short back and sides – hair that is longer than a crop, but not yet hits the ears Ear-length – hair reaching one's ears Chin-level – hair grows down to the chin Flip-level – hair reaching the neck or shoulders Shoulder-length – hair reaching the shoulders Armpit-length – hair reaching the armpit Midback-level – hair that's at about the same point as the widest part of one's ribcage and chest area Waist-length – hair that falls at the smallest part of one's waist, a little bit above the hip bones Hip-length – hair reaching the top of one's hips Tailbone-length – hair that is at about the area of one's tailbone Classic length – hair that reaches where one's legs meet the buttocks Thigh-length – hair that is at the mid-thigh Knee-length – hair th

Chemical alterations like perming, coloring can be carried out to change the perceived color and texture of hair. All of these are temporary alterations because permanent alterations are not possible at this time. Chemical alteration of hair only affects the hair above the scalp; unless the hair roots are damaged, new hair will grow in with natural color and texture. Hair coloring Hair coloring is the process of adding pigment to or removing pigment from the hair shaft. Hair coloring processes may be referred to as coloring or bleaching, depending on whether pigment is being added or removed. Temporary hair tints simply coat the shaft with pigments which later wash off. Most permanent color changes require that the cuticle of the hair be opened so the color change can take place within the cuticle. This process, which uses chemicals to alter the structure of the hair, can damage the cuticle or internal structure of the hair, leaving it dry, weak, or prone to breakage. After the hair pr

Long hair Many industries have requirements for hair being contained to prevent worker injury. This can include people working in construction, utilities, and machine shops of various sorts. Furthermore, many professions require containing the hair for reasons of public health, and a prime example is the food industry. There are also sports that may require similar constraints for safety reasons: to keep hair out of the eyes and blocking one's view, and to prevent being caught in sports equipment or trees and shrubs, or matted hair in severe weather conditions or water. Safety is usually the reason behind not allowing hair to fly loose on the backs of motorcycles and open-topped sports cars for longer tresses. Delicate skin Scalp skin of babies and the elderly are similar in subdued sebaceous gland production, due to hormonal levels. The sebaceous gland secretes sebum, a waxy ester, which maintains the acid mantle of the scalp and provides a coating that keeps skin supple and moi